Learn RUBY with Real Code Examples

Ruby is interpreted and dynamically typed, with everything treated as an object.

Supports OOP, functional programming patterns, metaprogramming, and DSL creation.

Popular for web applications (Rails), automation scripts, DevOps tools, and prototyping.

OOP and classes

Modules and mixins

Blocks, procs, lambdas

Dynamic method definition

Garbage collected runtime

Variables and data types

Classes, objects, modules, mixins

Methods, blocks, and lambdas

Enumerable and collections

Exception handling

Metaprogramming basics

app/ for MVC components

config/ for configuration files

db/ for migrations and schema

lib/ for custom libraries

Gemfile for dependencies

Write code in .rb files

Run scripts via ruby filename.rb

Manage dependencies with bundler

Use Rails generators for scaffolding

Deploy via web servers or containerized apps

Beginner: Console scripts

Intermediate: Rails web apps

Advanced: Distributed services

Expert: High-performance automation tools

More readable than Java or C#

Faster prototyping than Python

Not as performant as Go or Rust

Better for web than PHP in modern apps

Ruby 1.0 – 1996 release

Ruby 1.8 – popularized Rails

Ruby 1.9 – performance improvements, new syntax

Ruby 2.x – keyword arguments, refinements, Fiber improvements

Ruby 3.x – performance (MJIT), type checking (RBS), concurrency improvements

Gem: Ruby library/package

Bundler: Dependency manager

IRB: Interactive Ruby shell

ActiveRecord: ORM in Rails