Learn ML with Real Code Examples
Updated Nov 20, 2025
Practical Examples
Defining a recursive factorial function
Binary tree traversal with pattern matching
Symbolic differentiation of mathematical expressions
Simple type-safe interpreter
List and map operations using higher-order functions
Troubleshooting
Check type mismatches
Ensure pattern matching is exhaustive
Validate recursion base cases
Use compiler warnings for guidance
Test small expressions incrementally
Testing Guide
Test small functions in REPL
Check pattern matching exhaustiveness
Use unit tests for modules
Validate type correctness
Gradually scale from expressions to programs
Deployment Options
Compile to native code (MLton, OCamlopt)
Run scripts in interactive REPL
Embed modules into larger applications
Use ML for research and prototyping
Distribute code with type-safe guarantees
Tools Ecosystem
Standard ML of New Jersey (SML/NJ)
MLton compiler for Standard ML
OCaml compiler and REPL
Proof assistants like HOL and Isabelle/ML
Editors with ML syntax support (Emacs, VS Code)
Integrations
Interfacing with C via FFI
Embedding in theorem proving frameworks
Using ML scripts for symbolic computation
Building DSLs (Domain-Specific Languages)
Integrating with Unix pipelines
Productivity Tips
Use REPL for rapid prototyping
Leverage pattern matching for clarity
Modularize code with structures and functors
Document signatures for team collaboration
Practice recursion and higher-order functions
Challenges
Implement a binary search tree
Write a type-safe expression evaluator
Create a symbolic differentiation function
Design a small interpreter using ML
Solve classic algorithm problems recursively