Learn LOGO with Real Code Examples

Logo emphasizes learning through visual feedback using turtle graphics.

It introduces procedural programming concepts, recursion, and problem-solving.

Used widely in educational contexts to teach programming and mathematics.

Procedures and functions

Variables and lists

Recursion for problem-solving

Turtle movement commands (forward, turn, etc.)

Interactive REPL environment

Turtle graphics commands (forward, back, left, right)

Defining procedures using TO...END

Using variables and lists

Recursive procedure calls

Interactive command execution

main.logo - primary procedure file

procedures/ - modular procedure definitions

assets/ - optional images or data

examples/ - sample turtle graphics scripts

docs/ - educational notes or guides

Plan problem-solving steps

Write procedures with TO...END

Use turtle graphics to visualize results

Test procedures interactively

Refactor and combine procedures for complex tasks

Beginner: drawing shapes with turtle

Intermediate: loops, recursion, and math exercises

Advanced: simple simulations or algorithms

Expert: teaching complex problem-solving concepts

Educational researcher: designing learning activities

Simpler than Python or Java for beginners

Better visual feedback than textual languages

Limited commercial applicability

Strong pedagogical focus compared to general-purpose languages

Encourages procedural and recursive thinking

1967 – Logo created at MIT

1970s – Turtle graphics introduced

1980s – MSWLogo for Windows

1990s – Berkeley Logo widely adopted

2000s – TurtleArt and educational extensions developed

Turtle: graphical cursor for drawing

TO...END: procedure definition

REPEAT: loop structure

List: ordered collection of elements

Procedure: modular block of commands