Learn CRYSTAL with Real Code Examples
Updated Nov 20, 2025
Architecture
LLVM-based compiler generates native binaries
Static type checking at compile-time
Standard library written in Crystal
Supports fibers for cooperative concurrency
Compile-time macros expand code before runtime
Rendering Model
Source code compiled to native binary
Static type checking at compile-time
Macros expanded before compilation
Execution via compiled machine code
Fibers provide lightweight concurrency
Architectural Patterns
MVC for web frameworks
Fiber-based concurrency pipelines
CLI tool modular design
Macro-driven code generation
Microservice-oriented structure
Real World Architectures
Web backends
CLI utilities
Microservices
Data processing pipelines
High-performance APIs
Design Principles
Readable, Ruby-inspired syntax
Static typing with inference
Compiled to native binaries for speed
Concurrency via fibers
Macro-based compile-time metaprogramming
Scalability Guide
Use fibers for concurrent tasks
Split code into modules
Compile to optimized binaries
Use Shards for dependency management
Profile and optimize hot paths
Migration Guide
Migrate Ruby scripts to Crystal for performance
Replace dynamic typing with static types
Port web apps to Kemal/Amber
Refactor blocking IO to fibers
Adjust gems to Shards libraries