Learn ARDUINO-C-CPP with Real Code Examples

AVR or ARM-based microcontroller as the core

Digital and analog I/O pins for hardware interfacing

USB or serial bootloader for programming

Arduino IDE for code writing, compiling, and uploading

Library layer to abstract hardware details

Microcontroller executes C/C++ code

Digital/analog pins interface with hardware

Serial interface for debugging and communication

PWM and timers for control applications

Libraries provide higher-level hardware abstractions

Setup and loop paradigm for main execution

Event-driven design via interrupts

Layered abstraction for libraries and shields

Serial communication for monitoring and control

Modular sketches for scalable projects

IoT sensor network prototypes

Robotics and automation systems

Home automation and smart devices

Educational electronics kits

Wearable and interactive electronics

Open-source hardware and software

Simplified programming interface for beginners

Modular hardware design for easy prototyping

Cross-platform development

Extensible with libraries and shields

Split code into multiple .cpp/.h files

Use interrupts for responsive control

Optimize memory usage for larger sketches

Use shields and modules for hardware expansion

Consider upgrading to higher-performance Arduino boards

Ensure libraries are compatible with new board

Update pin assignments for different hardware

Adapt code for memory/processing limitations

Test critical timing functions on new boards

Verify communication protocols work as intended